Openstep Installation Management Inc

Since 2008, over a hundred billion apps have been downloaded from Apple’s App Store onto users’ iPhones or iPads. Thousands of software developers have written these apps for Apple’s “iOS” mobile platform. However, the technology and tools powering the mobile “app revolution” are not themselves new, but rather have a long history spanning over thirty years, one which connects back to not only NeXT, the company Steve Jobs started in 1985, but to the beginnings of software engineering and object-oriented programming in the late 1960s.

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Apple’s iOS is based on its desktop operating system, Mac OS X. More importantly, iOS’s software development kit (SDK), known as “Cocoa Touch,” is based on the same principles and foundations as Mac OS X’s desktop SDK, Cocoa.

(An SDK is the set of tools and software libraries that application developers use to build their apps. Commonly these come in the form of Application Program Interfaces, or “APIs,” which are interfaces or “calls” into functions provided by the platform’s built-in libraries.) OS X and Cocoa, which first shipped in March 2001, were in turn based on the NeXTSTEP (originally capitalized as “NeXTStep”) operating and development environment. NeXT was founded by Steve Jobs upon resigning from Apple after he had been stripped of power following an attempted boardroom coup. Both NeXTSTEP and NeXT’s computers were state of the art, but the computers were too expensive for the education market NeXT targeted. The NeXT Cube (1990) was a masterpiece of engineering but too expensive. NeXT evolved into a software company after the Cube and several other NeXT hardware products failed in the marketplace.

NeXT’s greatest innovation was the NeXTSTEP operating environment. CHM# 102626734 Its hardware business flagging, by 1993 NeXT was forced to close down its factory, becoming a software company focused on custom applications development for the enterprise. The NeXTSTEP development platform, renamed “OpenStep,” was ported to other hardware and other operating systems, including Intel processors and Sun workstations. In 1996, Apple was itself in dire straits, and needed to replace its aging Mac OS with a more modern and robust operating system.

Failing to produce one of its own, Apple acquired NeXT in order to make NeXTSTEP the basis for what eventually became Mac OS X. In January 1997, at the annual Macworld Expo trade show, Steve Jobs triumphantly returned onstage as an Apple employee for the first time since 1985, this time to explain what he thought Apple needed to survive and become great again, and how NeXTSTEP technology could help Apple achieve it.

Video: Jobs demonstrates OpenStep, MacWorld Expo, January 1997 In this short 20-minute presentation at MacWorld Expo in January 1997, Jobs demonstrated the technology that would become Cocoa, the software development system that would eventually be used by thousands of iOS app developers around the world. Steve Jobs was showing Apple developers what their future would look like, one which, indeed, today’s iOS developers would find remarkably similar to their everyday experience. In fact, what Jobs was showing Apple developers in 1997 was not new, but had been released by NeXT almost a decade earlier, in 1988. Tim Berners-Lee’s first web browser/editor, running on NeXTSTEP Indeed, NeXTSTEP had been such a productive development environment that in 1989, just a year after the NeXT Computer was revealed, What made NeXT’s development environment so ahead of its time? At the 1997 MacWorld demo, Jobs told a little parable.

By that point in time, it was well known in the computer industry that Jobs got the idea for the Macintosh’s graphical user interface when he and a team from Apple visited Xerox PARC in 1979. PARC, or “Palo Alto Research Center,” was a blue-sky computer research lab started by Xerox to create the “Office of the Future.”. CHM Fellow Alan Kay PARC’s staff, led by, was a who’s who of leading computer scientists of the day (among them CHM Fellows,,,,, and ). Among these luminaries was. Kay envisioned the “Dynabook,” a tablet-like computer that would be a dynamic medium for learning.